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Enhancing Authentication Security in Internet of Vehicles: A Blockchain-Driven Approach for Trustworthy Communication
Research Article | Published: 31 March 2025
IECE Transactions on Advanced Computing and Systems Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025: 48-62
Volume 1, Issue 1, IECE Transactions on Advanced Computing and Systems
Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025
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Gaurav Dhiman
Gaurav Dhiman
Jagat Guru Nanak Dev Punjab State Open University, India
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IECE Transactions on Advanced Computing and Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025: 48-62

Open Access | Research Article | 31 March 2025
Enhancing Authentication Security in Internet of Vehicles: A Blockchain-Driven Approach for Trustworthy Communication
by
Muhammad Hassnain Ali Haider Muhammad Hassnain Ali Haider 1
Muhammad Fayaz Muhammad Fayaz 2
Yue Zhang Yue Zhang 2
Haseena Noureen Haseena Noureen 3
Zeeshan Ali Haider Zeeshan Ali Haider 4 *
Fida Muhammad Khan Fida Muhammad Khan 4
Inam Ullah Khan Inam Ullah Khan 4
Md Moklesur Rahman Md Moklesur Rahman 5
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Sarhad University of Science \& Information Technology, 25000 Peshawar, Pakistan
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
3 Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malakand, Malakand 23050, Pakistan
4 Department of Computer Science, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
5 IMT Atlantique, 655 Avenue du Technopôle, 29280 Plouzané, France
* Corresponding Author: Zeeshan Ali Haider, [email protected]
DOI: 10.62762/TACS.2025.835144
Received: 26 February 2025, Accepted: 22 March 2025, Published: 31 March 2025  
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Abstract
The Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is an emerging technology that enhances transportation systems by enabling interactions between vehicles, infrastructure, and other entities. Securing IoV networks from cyber threats like eavesdropping, data tampering, and intrusions is a major challenge. This research presents a Blockchain-Enabled Secure Authentication Protocol for IoVs (BESA-IOV), which leverages blockchain’s decentralized and tamper-resistant nature for secure communication in vehicular networks. By utilizing ECC-based lightweight cryptography and blockchain-based public key management, it ensures strong authentication, confidentiality, and integrity. The results show that BESA-IOV significantly reduces authentication delay and computational cost compared to protocols such as NOTSA, RVAC, VANET-Auth, and SecureIoV. Extensive simulations indicate that BESA-IOV reduces authentication delay by 35% and computational overhead by 40%, enhancing real-time communication in the IoV environment. BESA-IOV is secure, efficient, and scalable for next-generation IoV systems.
Graphical Abstract
Enhancing Authentication Security in Internet of Vehicles: A Blockchain-Driven Approach for Trustworthy Communication
Keywords
internet of vehicles (IoV)
blockchain-enabled secure authentication protocol (BESA)
blockchain
secure authentication
Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request.
Funding
This work was supported without any funding.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. 
Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.
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Cite This Article
APA Style
Haider, M. H. A., Fayaz, M., Zhang, Y., Noureen, H., Haider, Z. A., Khan, F. M., Khan, I. U., & Rahman, M. M. (2025). Enhancing Authentication Security in Internet of Vehicles: A Blockchain-Driven Approach for Trustworthy Communication. IECE Transactions on Advanced Computing and Systems, 1(1), 48–62. https://doi.org/10.62762/TACS.2025.835144
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CC BY Copyright © 2025 by the Author(s). Published by Institute of Emerging and Computer Engineers. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
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